Cauzione, spese di registro, imposte e detrazioni nei contratti di locazione: la guida completa

Una volta trovato il migliore contratto di locazione per le tue esigenze dovrai necessariamente passare alla fase successiva: quando si parla di cauzione, spese di registro, imposte e detrazioni rimangono sempre molti dubbi e timori: in questa guida completa, quindi, speriamo di aiutarti e guidarti sulla strada di affittare il tuo immobile nella maniera più corretta e in linea con le tue esigenze e con il migliore contratto di locazione.

La cauzione nel contratto di locazione

La cauzione, o deposito cauzionale, è un importo che l’inquilino (o conduttore) versa al momento della stipula del contratto al proprietario dell’immobile (o locatore) al fine di tutelarlo da possibili danni causati dall’inquilino stesso, eventuali non-pagamenti di mesi di locazione e per garanzia di restituzione dell’appartamento nello stesso stato in cui l’inquilino l’ha ricevuto. Il deposito cauzionale dovrà essere poi restituito all’inquilino al termine del contratto di locazione.

La cauzione non deve essere tuttavia confusa con la caparra confirmatoria, la quale è semplicemente un importo che l’inquilino versa all’agenzia immobiliare o al proprietario stesso come impegno per il futuro contratto di locazione. La caparra confirmatoria può comunque andare ad integrare il successivo deposito cauzionale o essere utilizzata come prima mensilità.

La somma da versare per il deposito cauzionale può essere decisa dalle parti in maniera libera, entro il limite di tre canoni di locazione, con esclusione delle spese e versata in contanti, bonifico o garanzia fidejussoria.

Spese di registro del contratto di locazione

Se ti stai chiedendo quali sono le varie spese da sostenere nel momento in cui deciderai di affittare il tuo immobile, proseguendo con la nostra guida potrai trovare le risposte alle tue domande.

Prima di procedere con l’imposta di registro, il proprietario ha l’obbligo di procedere alla registrazione del contratto all’Agenzia delle Entrate entro 30 giorni dalla sottoscrizione del contratto stesso. Successivamente occorre quindi pagare le spese di registrazione, le quali variano a seconda delle caratteristiche dell’immobile.

Nel nostro caso specifico tratteremo l’immobile ad uso abitativo dove l’imposta di registro del contratto di locazione ammonta al 2% del canone annuo moltiplicato per il numero delle annualità:

  • a titolo di esempio, un immobile locato a 500 euro al mese per 4 anni (6.000 euro annui), avrà un’imposta di registro pari a 120 euro annui e 480 euro per 4 anni.
  • l’imposta di bollo, ammontante a 16 euro per ogni copia da registrare (ogni 4 facciate del contratto o ogni 100 righe). Considerato che un contratto di affitto prevede, di solito, 5-6 pagine, significa circa 32 euro di imposta totale da aggiungere a quella di registro.

Altre casistiche emergono relative all’imposta di registro e saremo lieti di rendertene atto nella strada di affittare il tuo immobile:

  • riduzione dell’imposta di registro: se il tuo immobile da affittare si trova ubicato in un Comune ad alta densità abitativa potrai avere una riduzione dell’imposta pari al 30% della base imponibile nei contratti a canone concordato.
  • contratti di locazione pluriennali: potrai pagare, al momento della registrazione, l’imposta di registro per l’intera durata del contratto (2% del totale). Se sceglierai questa opzione avrai diritto ad uno sconto pari alla metà del tasso di interesse legale moltiplicato per il numero delle annualità totali della locazione.
  • modalità di pagamento dell’imposta di registro: è possibile pagare l’imposta tramite il Modello F24 Elementi Identificativi dell’Agenzia delle Entrate oppure richiedere all’Agenzia stessa l’addebito sul proprio conto corrente bancario o postale.
  • obblighi e scadenze: la registrazione del contratto di locazione deve avvenire necessariamente entro 30 giorni dalla stipula del contratto, altrimenti si può incorrere in sanzioni disciplinate dalla Legge secondo l’articolo 69 del DPR 131 del 1986.
  • imposta di registro su cedolare secca: se sceglierai il regime di tassazione della cedolare secca, ti ricordiamo che NON dovrai pagare né l’imposta di registro né l’imposta di bollo.

Stesura del contratto di locazione

Questo capitolo potrà dunque aiutarti nello stendere correttamente il contratto di locazione per affittare il tuo immobile. Nel contratto dovranno essere riportati i seguenti punti:

  • il titolo, che contiene l’oggetto del contratto, per esempio “contratto di locazione ad uso abitativo”;
  • le parti, vale a dire i dati anagrafici dell’inquilino e del proprietario o proprietari;
  • l’immobile, dove viene indicato l’indirizzo ed estremi catastali dell’immobile oggetto della locazione;
  • attestato di prestazione energetica o APE, stilato da un tecnico competente;
  • durata del contratto di locazione;
  • canone, le modalità di pagamento del canone, i termini di pagamento e il deposito cauzionale;
  • spese, vale a dire le spese condominiali e le spese per le utenze;
  • obblighi e inadempimenti delle parti;
  • data e sottoscrizione.

Se vuoi ricevere maggiori informazioni o ulteriore supporto, non esitare a contattarci all’indirizzo email: supply@roomlessrent.com oppure tramite il nostro sito se hai bisogno di aiuto.

Detrazioni e agevolazioni per i contratti di locazione

Sebbene la Legge preveda detrazioni ed agevolazioni principalmente a carico dell’inquilino (o conduttore) tramite il modello 730 della dichiarazione dei redditi o Modello Unico, ti ricordiamo che se sceglierai il regime di tassazione della cedolare secca al 10% o al 21% potrai avere un significativo risparmio. Questo, ovviamente, in base al migliore contratto di locazione per le tue esigenze e al tipo di immobile e canone.

Siamo giunti quindi alla fine della nostra guida in due parti relativa ai contratti di locazione. Il nostro Team si augura di esserti stato di aiuto nella scelta da intraprendere per affittare il tuo immobile ed esaustivo nella spiegazione di tutte le molteplici sfaccettature. Ti ringraziamo e ti invitiamo a consultare la nostra pagina di aiuto e FAQ.

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